Experience of Mosque Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Experience of Mosque - Assignment Example I visited the ICM on Friday and went to ‘Jumuah’ petition at 1.30 pm. Additionally, I experienced the supplication schedule to discover the specific time of ‘Jumuah’ in light of the fact that my strict confidence is not quite the same as Islam. Plus, this helped me to go to the congregational supplication that began at 2.00 pm. One can see that mosques are overflowed by devotees on Fridays. In this way, I left my vehicle at Lot ST8 and strolled to the ICM. Entering the mosque, I saw that the vast majority of the guests are understudies. Plus, the main observable contrast in dress is the top or ‘Taqiyah’. Be that as it may, the majority of the guests were not wearing ‘Taqiyah’. Also, jeans and shirt/shirt is the regular dress among the guests. Along these lines, one can see that there is no exacting clothing regulation executed by the specialists on the grounds that the majority of the adherents are understudies. The mosque’s outside isn't so not quite the same as different structures in the area. To be explicit, the outside doesn't speak to the customary mosques in the Middle East. Entering the mosque, I saw that the primary lobby utilized for petition intention is representative of present day development in light of the fact that there are less images or pictures that connote Islamic engineering. However, the main distinction is that there is a different office for womenfolk to supplicate. Furthermore , the recognizable image of Islamic engineering inside ICM is the ‘minaret’ type distension on the structure. As the adherents know about the guidelines inside mosque premises, there are no exacting standards to be followed at ICM. Additionally, quiet during petition time, appropriate dressing, ‘hijab’ (state, for womenfolk) are general principles. My discussion with an African American and an Indonesian understudy demonstrates that they feel happy with the supplication administrations at the ICM. Still the discussion shed light into the contrasts among Islamic and Christian religions. Renard (2011) states that, â€Å"In actuality, a Christian going to administrations on Sunday could

Public speaking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Open talking - Assignment Example The third quality that I have is coherency and familiarity with discourse. This makes me to introduce my thoughts plainly such that the crowd will comprehend and appreciate (Jaffe, 2013). It shows that I am proficient in my field and I comprehend what I am doing. There are likewise shortcomings that I have to enhance. To begin with, I generally get drained without any problem. I can give an open discourse for 2-3 hours and after that I lose vitality to go on with my discourse. So as to address all issues engaged with my discourse, I have to grow more vitality to give my discourse firmly and reliably until the end (Jaffe, 2013). My subsequent shortcoming is that I like giving a ton of data which may trouble the crowd and neglect to catch all the thoughts I present. I have to enhance this and be directly to the point. The powerful speaker I know is a young chief in my town. What makes him a compelling speaker is his convey style. He generally looks at the crowd and uses a decent tone that everybody appreciates. He additionally recounts stories obviously in an energizing way. Moreover, he associates with his crowd and connects with them in his discourse. He comprehends the requirements of his crowd and addresses them well. He impacts the individuals around him by being compassionate; imagining their perspective and mentions to them what he things they wish to hear. He has great exchange abilities including great tuning in to comprehend and impact his

The Origins and Founder of Structuralism

The Origins and Founder of Structuralism Basics Print The Origins of Structuralism in Psychology One of Psychologys First Schools of Thought By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on September 29, 2019 More in Psychology Basics Psychotherapy Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming Structuralism is considered to be the first  school of thought in psychology. It involved breaking down and analyzing the mind into the smallest possible parts. Structuralist psychology is most often associated with Wilhelm Wundt, who was famous for founding the very first lab devoted to experimental psychology and is generally considered the father of modern psychology. Origins Was Wundt really the founder of this early school of thought? While Wundt is often listed as the founder of structuralism, he never actually used the term. Instead, Wundt referred to his ideas as voluntarism. It was his student, Edward B. Titchener, who invented the term structuralism. Though Titchener is usually the one credited with the establishment of structuralism and bringing the ideas to America, the ideas started with Wundt. Titchener actually changed much of what Wundt taught. Wundt believed that the mind could be broken down into structures by classifying conscious experiences into small parts that could be analyzed, similar to other sciences. Titchener decided to scrap Wundts brand of structuralism because conscious experiences arent as easy to control in an experiment as behavior  is. Introspection: Structuralisms Main Tool Titchener took Wundts experimental technique, known as introspection, and used it to focus on the structures of the human mind. Anything that could not be investigated using this technique, Titchener believed, was not in the domain of psychology. Titchener believed that the use of introspection, which utilized observers who had been rigorously trained to analyze their feelings and sensations when shown a simple stimulus, could be used to discover the structures of the mind and he spent the bulk of his career devoted to this task. Titcheners Structuralism Titcheners structuralism stressed three important tasks in the study of the human mind: To discover how many processes there were, identify the elements of these processes, and explain how they work together.To analyze the laws governing the connections between the elements of the mind.To evaluate the connections between the mind and nervous system. Titcheners Influence For approximately 20 years, Titchener dominated American psychology. He was also extremely  prolific, publishing 216 books and papers during his lifetime. He trained a number of influential psychologists, supervising the doctoral work of nearly 60 students including Margaret Floy Washburn and Edwin C. Boring. Yet today his work is rarely mentioned outside of a purely historical context. He maintained a powerful hold on American psychology during his lifetime and contributed to psychology becoming a respected branch of the sciences, but his influence began to wane following his death. Structuralism may have enjoyed a brief period of dominance in psychology, but the school of thought essentially died out following the death of its founder. It did, however, lead to the development of other movements, including functionalism, behaviorism, and Gestalt psychology.

Essay about Comparing Death in Araby and The Metamorphosis

Death in Araby and The Metamorphosisnbsp;nbsp; Many readers have commented on the contrast of light and darkness in the story Araby by James Joyce. Perhaps the death of the priest in Araby adds to the darkness that the boy experiences when he is thinking about Mangans sister, as contrasted with the light he experiences when he is actually in her presence. It is interesting that the death of the priest does not become so dark until Mangans sister is introduced. In the first scene where the boy visits the priests old room, he rummages around and finds some treasures, including paper-covered books, and the late tenants rusty bicycle pump. There is no sense of gloom here, in fact, the boy seems to be having fun exploring†¦show more content†¦Whatever his reason was for going there, the element of the dead priest in this story definitely adds to the feeling that the boys crush has taken on a religious significance. It also shows how the crush has changed the boys outlook on life. The boys friends and their games have become distant, his school work has become unimportant, and the dead priests room has become much more than a place to play. In The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, we have the strange circumstance that Gregors death actually brings life to his family. One could say that Gregor actually dies twice in this story, once when he turns into a bug, and again when the bug dies. When Gregor turns into a bug he can do none of the things the old Gregor did, and the old Gregor essentially vanishes from the scene. We are presented with the ironic situation that Gregor was working so hard for the benefit of his family, but they are actually better off when he is taken out of service. Gregors father perks up and gets a job, and the whole family starts doing something with their lives only when Gregor stops doing it for them. I think it begins to dawn on Gregor that he isnt really needed as he watches this happen, and this is a huge blow to him. The story says that Gregor got to the point where he hardly slept by night or by day, and was now eating hardly anything. At first Gregor thinks maybe isnt eating because of chagrin over the

Cosmos Episode 3 Viewing Worksheet

Everyone needs a movie day at school once in a while. Whether the movie is used as a supplement for a given unit of instruction, or as a reward for the class, finding a worthwhile video or show is sometimes challenging. Luckily, Fox decided to air Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey with host Neil deGrasse Tyson. The science is accessible to beginning and advanced learners across many disciplines in science. The entire series is easily found on YouTube and other streaming television subscription services where episodes can be purchased and downloaded separately, or as an entire series. It is also available to purchase as an entire set on DVD through the Fox Broadcasting Network.​​ Cosmos, Episode 3 takes us on a journey with the comets and we learn a lot about the development of physics along the way. This particular episode would be a great tool to use in a physics or a physical science class. To make sure the students are grasping the ideas presented and paying attention to the episode, sometimes it is necessary to hand out a worksheet with questions that are answered in the video. The questions below may be copy-and-pasted into a document and tweaked as necessary to fit your classrooms needs as an assessment or just to keep the students attention while they are watching the episode. Happy viewing! Cosmos Episode 3 Worksheet   Name:___________________    Directions: Answer the questions as you watch episode 3 of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey 1.  What does Neil deGrasse Tyson use as a metaphor for how we are born into a universe of mystery? 2.  What was the advantageous adaptation mentioned that humans have evolved in order to survive? 3.  What type of heavenly body was thought by ancient groups to be a message from the gods? 4.  What does the word â€Å"disaster† come from? 5.  What did the Chinese in 1400 BC believe a four-tailed comet would bring? 6.  How does a comet get a glowing halo and tail? 7.  What major disaster followed the comet of 1664? 8.  What is one type of new constellation that Edmond Halley saw in the sky while he was on the island of St. Helena? 9.  Who was the head of the Royal Society of London when Halley came home to sell his map of the stars? 10.  What does Robert Hooke allegedly look like and why don’t we know for sure? 11.  Name two things Robert Hooke is famous for discovering. 12.  Where did people of all classes gather to debate ideas in the 17th Century in London? 13.  Who offered a reward for anyone who could come up with a mathematical formula that explains what force held planets in orbits around the Sun? 14.  Why did the man Halley was looking for go into hiding? 15.  What type of elixir did Isaac Newton hope to invent using alchemy? 16.  Why couldn’t the Royal Society of London publish Newton’s book? 17.  Name three things, besides having a comet named after him, that Halley did for science. 18.  How often does Halley’s Comet pass by Earth? 19.  Who was elected as the head of the Royal Society of London after Hooke’s death? 20.  What does legend say about why there are no pictures of Hooke? 21.  When will Halley’s Comet return to pass by Earth next? 22.  What is the name of the neighboring galaxy that the Milky Way will merge with in the future?

The Unsung Heroes of the Birmingham Campaign Free Essays

string(53) " protest Shuttlesworth and Billups’ incarceration\." When one thinks about the civil rights movement, the first name that comes to mind is Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. He contributed greatly to the advancement of African American people in the U. We will write a custom essay sample on The Unsung Heroes of the Birmingham Campaign or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. ; however, in the case of the Birmingham Campaign, it was a collective group effort from numerous local leaders and MLK that peacefully protested for, and eventually gained, the rights that all American citizens deserve. Few mention the efforts of local leaders like Fred Shuttlesworth’s work with Project â€Å"C†, James Bevel’s orchestrating of the Birmingham Children’s Crusade, Wyatt Tee Walker’s organizing confrontations with city officials. MLK’s own brother A. D. King, who played a part in the eventual success of the movement, is often left out of these conversations as well. None of the rights that African Americans gained after the movement would have been possible without the cooperation of President John F. Kennedy and the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In a public address to the nation, President Kennedy stated, â€Å"It ought to be possible for American consumers of any color to receive equal service in places of public accommodation†¦without being forced to resort to demonstrations in the street. He continued with, â€Å"It ought to be possible for American citizens of any color to register and to vote in a free election without interference or fear of reprisal,† which was in fact a goal of the Birmingham campaign. 1 There were many factors that brought the civil rights movement to Birmingham. Although it was a city with a forty percent black population in 1960, Birmingham remained one of the most segregated communities in America. 2 The fact that African Americans had been free from slavery for nearly one hundred years did not mean anything to a majority of whites in the South. Segregation of both communal and commercial facilities was required by law and enforced strictly in Birmingham. 3 African Americans had gained the right to vote ninety years before the beginning of the Birmingham Campaign, but that did not seem to mean much in the South. Whites used several methods including poll taxes, literacy exams, and the grandfather clause to prevent blacks from exercising their constitutional right to vote. In 1960, only ten percent of the African American population in Birmingham registered to vote. Some might wonder why the white community was so opposed to desegregation. One answer is the that they simply had nothing to gain except increased competitions for jobs. 5 The unemployment rate for blacks was two and a half times higher that it was for whites. Also, a vast majority of whites had been raised thinking they were superior to African Americans based solely on the color of their skin. It was this stubborn and ignorant way of thinking that made it so dif ficult for blacks to attain equality in the south. Although the white and black communities of Birmingham would have never been considered to be at peace, tension between them began to mount early in 1963. On January 14, Governor George C. Wallace was inaugurated. In his speech he stated he believed in â€Å"segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever. †6 It was at this time that the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), which was founded in 1957, made plans for the Birmingham Campaign. 7 Originally it was scheduled for March of the same year. However, the SCLC chose to wait until after the run-off election for Mayor of Birmingham on April 2. Albert Boutwell, who was moderate compared to his segregationist opponent Theophilus Eugene â€Å"Bull† Connor, won the election. Connor remained the Commissioner of Public Safety, and would later play an instrumental part in the Campaign. 8 They believed this would be the best time to bring the civil rights movement to Birmingham in full force. The Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights, a group created in 1956 when Alabama outlawed the NAACP, released a statement entitled the â€Å"Birmingham Manifesto† explaining the reasons for the demonstrations that would take place in the following months. It also entailed how black citizens have tried â€Å"petitioning for the repeal of city ordinances requiring segregation† as well as how they have â€Å"turned to the system of the courts. † It is clear that those involved in writing this document believed that demonstrations in Birmingham were their last resort. Fred Shuttlesworth and N. H. Smith were the on ly men brave enough to sign their names at the bottom of the document that declared the black communities future resistance to the discriminatory laws in Birmingham. 10 The Birmingham Campaign officially began on April 3, 1963, the day after the release of the Birmingham Manifesto. Some of the things those behind the movement hoped to accomplish included desegregating public facilities, releasing non-violent protestors from jail, and reopening of parks that were closed in order to fight segregation. On April 3, black citizens gathered in downtown Birmingham to protest for racial equality in hiring. Smaller groups staged sit-ins at white only lunch counters; however, the lunch counters were closed and around twenty people were arrested. The following day, MLK attempted to lead a march to the Birmingham City Hall. The march did not last long due to a lack of followers. 1 After the protests on the first two days of the campaign saw no results, Fred Shuttlesworth and Wyatt Tee Walker, who were both very active in the SCLC, organized Project â€Å"C† (for confrontation. It involved a series of sit-ins and nonviolent protests that would begin on April 7. Shuttlesworth and Rev. Charles Billups, another local leader, staged a march that was supposed to reach the Birmingham City Hall. Police stopped the march and twenty-six people, ranging in age from seventeen to seventy-eight, were arrested. 12 Nine of those arrested were female. Both Shuttlesworth and Billups were in the front of the march and were arrested. The following day, A. D. King led a group of over two thousand people to protest Shuttlesworth and Billups’ incarceration. You read "The Unsung Heroes of the Birmingham Campaign" in category "Papers" The demonstration was quickly put to an end when Circuit Court Judge William Jenkins issued a court injunction that forbade public protests. 13 Very early in the campaign, African Americans gained one small victory. On April 11, 1963, the Birmingham Public Library voted to desegregate. 14 On this same day, a court-ordered injunction against â€Å"boycotting, trespassing, parading, picketing, sit-ins, kneel-ins, wade-ins, and inciting or encouraging such acts,† was issued. MLK and Ralph Abernathy were arrested for parading without a permit the following day, Good Friday. 15 16 Many were outraged that the biggest leader in the national civil rights movement was unjustly arrested for a peaceful protest in Birmingham. Following MLK and Abernathy’s arrests, eight white clergymen released â€Å"A Call for Unity,† an article that was intended for African Americans in the Birmingham community who had been protesting in the past weeks. The article used words like â€Å"impatient† to describe blacks and also warned about joining â€Å"outsiders† in their demonstrations, referring to MLK. 7 While in jail, MLK wrote a direct response to his â€Å"fellow clergymen† entitled â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail. † The first issue he addressed in the letter was his reason for being in Birmingham. MLK says, â€Å"[I] am here because I was invited here,† and also, â€Å"I am here because injustice is here. † These were direct responses to the questions posed by the clergymen in â€Å"A Call for Unity. † Next, he explained the four basic steps of any nonviolent campaign: collection of facts to determine whether injustices exist; negotiation; self-purification; and direct action. MLK believed the people of Birmingham had gone through all of these steps. Also, he addressed the injustices that African Americans had faced in the Birmingham courts, as well as the numerous unsolved bombings. MLK then explained why his associates and he â€Å"[did not] give the new city administration time to act. † He states that the new city administration must be pressured early in order for them to act. Also, he states that although Boutwell is a â€Å"much more gentle person the Mr. Connor†¦we are sadly mistaken if we feel that the election of Albert Boutwell will bring the millennium to Birmingham. Later in his letter, MLK explained that he believes segregation is a sin because is denies African Americans their basic human rights. He also says that one has a â€Å"moral responsibility† to disobey unjust laws. Then, he explains the difference in a just law and an unjust law. â€Å"A just law is a man made code that squares with the moral law or the law of God. An unjust law is a code that is out of harmony with the moral law†¦One who breaks an unjust law must do so openly, lovingly, and with a willingness to accept the penalty. MLK also discusses that he is upset with the white moderate because they are more concerned with keeping order than attaining justice. The main focus of the letter is to help spread the message of civil disobedience. MLK believed this was the best way for African Americans to achieve their goals. Throughout the letter, he used strong language but was never offensive. The response was widely published and has since become very famous. 18 The Campaign continued throughout April with various demonstrations that achieved little success. However, James Bevel, a minister who played a big part in the Nashville Student movement and who had been called in to work alongside MLK, had been planning a big series of events. For weeks Bevel had been meeting with local elementary and high school students in the Birmingham school districts. He had been teaching children how to protest without using violence. If students did not demonstrate an ability to handle verbal, and sometimes physical, assault without retaliating, they were not allowed to join Bevel’s cause. When he finally felt his students had been trained well enough, Bevel instructed them to march from the 16th Street Baptist Church to Birmingham’s City Hall to protest city segregation laws. Bevel chose to use kids to help his cause because he believed most people would have the decency to not harm the children; however this was not always true. The demonstrations began on May 2, which earned the nickname â€Å"D-Day† from many. Over the next five days, thousands of student protestors where arrested which filled the jails to maximum capacity. This did little to diminish their spirits. Thousands more lined the streets. Bull† Connor, the Head of Police at the time, ordered the use of fire hoses and police dogs to help put an end to the Children’s Campaign. 19 20 On May 5, Fred Shuttlesworth was hospitalized after being knocked off of his feet by a blast from a fire hose. Connor was quoted saying that he was upset that he had missed seeing this happen and that he wished â€Å"he had been carried away in a hearse. †21 One white man attempted to run his car into demonstrators and was arrested. 22 When pictures of fire hoses and police dogs being used on children were released in newspapers, the incident gained national attention. Ironically, by defending segregation so fervently, â€Å"Bull† Connor actually drew national attention to the civil rights movement and hastened the passage of major civil rights legislation. After hearing of what had happened during the Children’s Campaign, President Kennedy asked MLK to stop using children in his protests. When King relayed the message to Bevel, he refused. He then instructed the student’s to prepare to March to Washington. This caught JFK’s attention. The president and his team began collaborating with the SCLC on a comprehensive civil rights bill, considered by some as a step in the right direction for America. A March was still organized in Washington, however it was not to protest. Instead, over two hundred and fifty thousand people came to Washington in August of 1963 to show their support for the bill. 23 On May 8, the SCLC met with many local business leaders to form a compromise to end the Birmingham Campaign. Fred Shuttlesworth was so disgusted with the agreement he checked himself out of the hospital in order to confront the leaders of the SCLC for giving in. He believed the compromise was unacceptable because it lacked any serious concessions from Birmingham’s white community. The SCLC met again with the business leaders and a modified compromise was agreed upon. On May 10, at the A. G. Gaston Motel, MLK announced the end of the Birmingham Campaign while Shuttlesworth fielded questions. 24 Although the Birmingham Campaign was over, the local civil rights movement continued. Birmingham’s white community did not embrace the compromise that ended the campaign. For example, public parks were not reopened for nearly two months. 25 One of the stipulations of the compromise involved releasing of non-violent protestors from jail, including A. D. King. After his release on May 11, King returned to his home. Later that night, members of the Ku Klux Klan bombed his residence, but the family was able to escape. Another bombing at the A. G. Gaston Motel occurred the same night, and riots began in the streets of Birmingham. 26 The African American citizens were outraged by the bombings. Nearly three thousand rioters gathered in downtown Birmingham after the bombing of the motel. Wyatt Walker arrived quickly and pleaded with the citizens to disperse to their homes. Several rioters began throwing rocks at policemen, making this one of the few events where African Americans were violent. Walker and A. D. King asked all those who would not protest peacefully to leave. They knew that if policemen got hurt, it would be bad news for the black citizens. By 4:00 A. M. fifty people were harmed in the riots, including one police officer that was stabbed. 27 The civil rights movement continued in Birmingham throughout the summer. On June 11, JFK announced in an address to the nation that he was committed to the Civil rights movement. His attention had previously been focused on the Cold War, however the local leaders as well as MLK had pushed the issue. In Birmingham however, little progress had been made. Governor Wallace, in an attempt to fight segregation, ordered all city schools to be closed. 28 JFK called in the National Guard to reopen and integrate the schools. 29 Although it took nearly two months, Birmingham City Parks were reopened. On September 15, Ku Klux Klan member Bobby Frank Cherry bombed the 16th Street Baptist Church, which had been a rallying point for the movement, and four African American girls were killed. 0 Many considered this to be the turning point in the national civil rights movement. An article in the Milwaukee Sentinel read, â€Å"The Birmingham church bombing should serve to goad the conscience. The deaths†¦in a sense are on the hands of each of us. †31 Both the city of Birmingham and Governor Wallace offered a reward for the arrest of the bombers. Many would argue tha t the Birmingham Campaign had little impact for several reasons. Many of the integration efforts that were proposed in the compromise that ended the Birmingham Campaign were overturned. There were numerous bombings after the campaign had ended, which showed the white community would not embrace the attempted changes without a fight. However, others would argue that the Birmingham Campaign was successful not because of what it accomplished in Birmingham, but for what it accomplished on the national level. The campaign gained national media attention, which helped spread the message of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights to other areas of the nation. The campaign was instrumental in the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Wyatt Tee Walker wrote that the Birmingham Campaign was â€Å"the chief watershed of the nonviolent movement in the United States. †32 Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. did play a major role in the national civil rights movement; however, in the case of the Birmingham Campaign, it was a collective group effort from numerous local leaders and MLK that peacefully protested for, and eventually gained, the rights that all American citizens deserve. Fred Shuttlesworth and Wyatt Tee Walker organized Project â€Å"C†. Shuttlesworth was even hospitalized after being hurt during a protest. James Bevel organized perhaps one of the most successful demonstrations of the Birmingham Campaign with the Children’s Crusade. This helped gain attention and support from across the nation. Without the help of these men, as well as other local leaders, MLK would have accomplished very little in Birmingham. Although â€Å"Bull† Connor’s ordering the use of police dogs and fire hoses during protests was cruel and violent, it gained national media attention, which contributed greatly to the success of the Birmingham Campaign. President Kennedy’s cooperation was also crucial in the success of the movement. After the numerous violent acts in Birmingham, JFK announced his commitment to the civil rights movement and was instrumental in the passing of the Civil Rights act of 1964. As one can see, it was a combination of efforts from numerous leaders in Birmingham, the President, and MLK that lead to the eventual desegregation of not only Birmingham, but also the entire nation. How to cite The Unsung Heroes of the Birmingham Campaign, Papers

Mango leaves free essay sample

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the diuretic effect of mango leaves extract on mice. We will write a custom essay sample on Mango leaves or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It also determines its rate of micturition on mice. Mango is mentioned in ancient scripts for its great nutritive value. Mango leaves are proven to treat different kind of illness. It contains enzymes that are an ideal antidote for all toxic effects inside the body. It is regarded as a valuable item of diet and a household remedy. Mangiferin from the leaves has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, diuretic, chloretic and cardio tonic activities and displays a high antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria. Mango leaves were boiled for 5-10 minutes and extract were given to the mice. As the results of the recorded data, shows that the calculated F of 3.29 was higher than the table F of 2.8661 at 0.05% level of significance. There is a significant difference in the diuretic effect of mango leaves extract on mice. It was shown that it was able to let the mice micturate frequently as the commercial one does. CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE Rationale Mango (Mangifera indica) is the most popular fruit of the tropics and is called â€Å"The King of Asiatic Fruit†. Mango is a fleshy drupe, variable in size and shape, with varying mixtures of yellow, green and red colors. As a tree it has medicinal values that ranges from its fruit extract, leaf, stem bark extract, dried mango flower and extract of unripe fruits and of bark stem and leaves have shown antibiotic activity. Mango is natural curative plant without any side effects. Mango is mentioned in ancient scripts for its great nutritive value. It is regarded as a valuable item of diet and a household remedy. Mango has astringent, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-syphyllic, anti-parasitic, diaphoretic, vermifuge, and diuretic properties. It stimulates appetite as well. According to Hakeem Hashmi, reputed Unani physician, a normal size mango is more nourishing for the human body than butter or almonds. It strengthens and invigorates all the nerves tissues, muscles in the brain , heart and other parts of the body. In addition to its delicious taste, apparently eaten a mango leaf also has medicinal properties that are useful to overcome various diseases. Based on scientific research, the young mango leaves are antimicrobial and antioxidant substances that prevent cancer. Active compounds in the leaves of mango consist of group of tannins called anthocyanidins. Aside from anthocyanidins, the leaves also contain glucoside mangiferine. Mangiferin from the leaves has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, diuretic, chloretic and cardio tonic activities and displays a high antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria. With this idea, the researcher has come up to an idea to use the mango leaves extract to determine its diuretic effect on mice. Statement of the Problem This study will try to find out if the mango leaves extract has a diuretic effect on mice.  Specifically, this study will try to answer the following questions: 1. Do mango leaves extract has a diuretic effect on mice? 2. Is there a significant difference in the diuretic effect of mango leaves extract on mice in terms of: 2.1 micturition rate Null Hypothesis Ho: There is no significant difference in the diuretic effect of mango leaves extract on mice. Background of the Study  Nowadays, diseases are very prone. One of this is kidney failure, due to conditions that put a strain on the kidneys that unable to remove urea and other wastes from the blood. Like humans, mice are one of the victims of this disease. They called geriatric diseases. One of the common geriatric diseases of mice is the amyloidosis. Amyloidosis is a term for diseases that have in common the extracellular deposition of insoluble fibrillar proteins in tissues and organs that causes kidney failures on mice. Injured kidneys cant function effectively and may be unable to remove urea and other wastes from the blood. Significance of the Study The importance of this study is to find out the diuretic effect of mango leaves extract on mice. This study will benefit the following: Humans. This can serve as a basis in preventing kidney problems. Students. The results may serve as basis for more future experiments, investigatory projects and other researches in schools that will help the nation. Scope and Limitation of the Study This study was conducted on April and May 2013. This study was limited in determining the diuretic effect of mango leaves extract on mice. It was performed indoors to control mixing of dust particles in the preparation of the solution and to keep the mice comfortable. It was conducted in Deca Homes, Jagobiao, Mandue City. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Mango leaves are alternately arranged, lanceolate (long and narrow) shaped, 6 to 16 inches in length and leathery in texture. The leaves are pinkish, amber, or pale-green-colored when young and become dark green at maturity. This mango leaves are anti-asthmatic, antiseptic, antiviral, cardio tonic, emetic, expectorant, hypotensive and laxative. It has the content which is composed of: protein 3.0 %; fat 0.4%; carbohydrates 16.5%; fiber 1.6%; calcium 29 mg/100g; phosphorus 72 mg; iron 6.2 mg; Vitamin A (carotene) 1,490 I.U; thiamine 0.04 mg; riboflavin 0.06 mg; niacin 2.2 mg; ascorbic acid 53 mg/100g. In India, cows were formerly fed with mango leaves to obtain their urine euxanthic acid which is rich in yellow and has been used as dye. In the Philippines, mango leaves are used as herbal medicine because it can cure many illnesses. The enzymes of the mango, such as mangiferin, katechol oxidase and lactase, clean the bowel of the filth within and are an ideal antidote for all toxic effects inside the body. They provide also sufficient resistance to fight any germs and afflictions. The leaves contain glucoside mangiferine. Mangiferin from the leaves has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, diuretic, chloretic and cardio tonic activities and displays a high antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria. Mangiferin shows antiviral effect against Type I herpes simplex virus which could be useful in anti-herpes ointments. The bark of the mango tree contains 16 20% tannin and also mangiferine. It acts ad stringent and is believed to possess a tonic action on the mucous membrane. It is anathematic, useful in hemoptysis, hemorrhage, nasal catarrh, diarrhea, ulcers, diphtheria, and rheumatism and for lumbrici (Unani Herbalist). Definition of Terms Mice. The animal used for the study bought from the pet shop. Diluted. The process of making weaker or less concentrated. Diuretic Effect. It elevates the rate of urination and thus provides a means of forced diuresis. Mango Leaves Extract. The extract from mango leaves to be used as diuretic. Furosemide. A diuretic drug that is responsible for partial emptying of the kidneys. INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Fig.1. Conceptual Framework CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY Collection and Preparation of the Materials The materials needed are the following: Mango leaves, water, newspaper, twelve (12) white mice, basin, twenty (12) small plastic cups (egg cups), six (6) cages, measuring cup, water bottle (500 mL), casserole, two (2) Furosemide tablet (40 mg) and weighing scale. Preparation of Extract Weigh 500 grams of mango leaves using the weighing scale. Wash the mango leaves properly and place it in the newspaper for drying. After drying, put the mango leaves on the casserole containing 500 mL of water and let it boil for 5-10 minutes. Preparation of the Experimental Set-ups 1. Prepare the twelve (12) small plastic cups. 2. After boiling, put the extract on a 500 mL water bottle for storage. Measure one (10 mL), 5 mL, 6 mL and 3 mL mango extract. For the Furosemide tablet (40 mg), dilute in 30 mL water and measure (10 mL) of it. 3. Pour the (10 mL) mango extract on the small plastic cup. Dilute the 5 mL extract on 5 mL water, the 6 mL extract on 4 mL water and lastly, the 3 mL extract on 7 mL water. Pour the solution on the small plastic cups. 4. The five (5) mice are to be given treatment and each of them is placed in different cage.  The remaining seven (7) mice are being kept in one cage and to be given a 10 mL extract. Testing the Different Treatment Diluted in Water Use one (1) mice for the 10 mL solution (puree), one (1) mice for the 10 mL solution (diluted in 50% water), one (1) mice for the 10 mL solution (diluted in 40% water), one (1) mice for 10 mL solution (diluted in 70% water) and one (1) mice for 10 mL solution of Furosemide (40 mg) diluted in 30 mL water. 1. The mice are fed with Pellet. After 3-4 hours, the treatment is given on them. 2. Observe it for five (5) days and monitor its urination every 30 minutes a day (equivalent to 3 hours). Recording